Frankly the most difficult area of current scholarship. Asia’s history of honorary reproduction and the commonplace “student coping master” relationship has resulted in a difficult collecting landscape.

However, authenticity and attribution can be made with object history, knowledge and collaboration.

Interestingly age does not necessarily guarantee high value when appraising Asian Painting and works on paper. It’s commonplace for a mid-20th century Chinese or South East-Asian painting to be of more value than a 17th century Korean portrait. Value is determined by market forces and desirability- not age alone.